Sushil Sylvester
Contents
Introduction
Sensors
Sensors are devices that we use to record or measure the physical properties around us like the temperature, sound, light, etc. The sensors which indicate this data can also be used to respond to particular conditions in the environment like the temperature sensor can be used to sound an alarm when the temperature is too low.
Resistors
Resistors in parallel
Any number of Resistors that are connected to a power source individually are said to be resistors connected in parallel. When resistors are connected in parallel the voltage that the battery produces is the same across each component of the parallel circuit. The total current passing through each path is equal to the total current flow from the source. Resistors in parallel have a common voltage across them. This connection is used when you want to reduce the total resistance in the circuit.
The equation used to find the resistances of the resistors is 1/Rt = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3….+1/Rn where R is the resistance of the resistors.
Resistors in series
Resistors are said to be connected in series when one leg of the resistor is connected to one terminal of the battery and the other leg is connected to another resistor until the circuit is completed when the second leg of the last resistor is connected to the other terminal of the battery. Resistors in series have a common current flowing through them as the current that flows through one resistor must also flow through the others as it can only take that path. This connection is used to increase the total resistance of the circuit.
The equation used to find the resistances of the resistors is Rt = R1 + R2 + R3…+Rn where R is the resistors used in the circuit.
Capacitors
Capacitors in parallel
When capacitors are connected in parallel their total capacitance increases. When the capacitors are connected in parallel the total surface area of the plates in the capacitors increases hence raising the capacitance.
Capacitors in series
When capacitors are connected in parallel their total capacitance decreases. When the capacitors are connected in series the total distance between the plates in the capacitors increases hence the total capacitance decreases.
